Study of risk factors and biofilm formation among non albicans candida species in neonatal Candidemia

• Author Details:   
• Rahul Gopichand Wadile ^*
• Ravidas Arjun Vasave
• Vijay Rajput Kokani

Background: The changes in virulence factors associated with NAC species in neonatal candidemia were the subject of this study. The study was conducted in a rural tertiary referral teaching hospital of northern Maharashtra, India.

Materials and Methods: The research took place over the course of a year from January to December 2022, with all data collected and analyzed in real time. Blood samples were taken aseptically from newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who showed symptoms that could indicate sepsis. Samples were inoculated in Brain Heart infusion broth, incubated at 370C for overnight incubation & subcultured on blood agar and SDA slant. Fungi was then further characterized through microscopic examination, biochemical assays, and observation of its growth patterns on selective media. These strains exhibited virulence factors were identified through the study of biofilm formation and other characteristics.

Result: Out of 383 neonates, Blood culture was positive in 269 (70.23%) cases. 87 were positive for Candida species (32.34%). NAC species were 68 (78.16%) and C. albicans 19 (21.84%). C. tropicalis was the most frequent non albicans species then by C. glabrata and C. krusei. Premature birth and low birth weight were the primary risk factors. Hemolysin production was frequent virulence factor then by Biofilm & Proteases production among all candida isolates.

Conclusion: When NAC species are detected in neonatal candidemia, a mycological shift in direction indicates a changed tendency and the escalating issue of anti-mycological resistance. Because of their increasing prevalence, NAC species identification is important for prompt management, appropriate anti-mycological medication selection, and preventing the development of antifungal resistances.