- Visibility 263 Views
- Downloads 308 Downloads
- Permissions
- DOI 10.18231/j.ijmmtd.v.11.i.3.13
-
CrossMark
A study unraveling the links between diabetes mellitus, COVID -19 and mucormycosis
- Author Details:
-
Trupti Jansari *
-
Jay Jansari
-
Vishwa Gevariya
-
Rachna Patel
-
Simran Jain
Trupti Jansari *
Jay Jansari
Vishwa Gevariya
Rachna Patel
Background: Mucormycosis is a potentially fatal, angio-invasive infection by a fungus, mainly seen in persons with compromised immune system. After the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in mucormycosis cases has been observed. We aimed to study the prevalence and distribution of mucormycosis cases among the post - COVID - 19 patients and to identify their link with patients with diabetes mellitus.
Materials and Methods: This study was retrospectiveand observational in type, which included 35 patients presenting with warning symptoms and signs at a tertiary care centre in Gujarat. All age – groups and both gender cases with a history of COVID - 19 were included. All the data regarding demography, co – morbid condition like diabetes mellitus, clinical examination, routine blood investigations, KOH and lactophenol cotton blue (LPCB) preparations, computed tomography (CT) scan- paranasal sinuses (PNS) and histopathological examinations (HPE) were collected and analyzed.
Results: Out of total of 35 patients highest number (16) of the patients was from age group 51-60 years (45.7%), males were 21 (60%) and females were 14 (40%). 31(88.6%) patients had diabetes mellitus and 04(11.4%) were non – diabetic. KOH and LPCB preparations from 29(82.9%) cases showed presence of fungal hyphae and 6(16.7%) cases were negative. On CT Scan – PNS, 30(85.7%) cases presented with rhino – orbital, 03(8.5%) cases with rhino – orbito – cerebral and 02(5.8%) cases with nasal type mucormycosis. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of mucormycosis.
Conclusion: Mucormycosis is associated with increased mortality rate. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, surgical debridement should be performed as soon as possible along with medical management.
References
- Jagtap SV, Jagtap SS, Nagar V, Varshney K. Invasive mucormycosis in post COVID-19 infection: Case report with review. IP Arch Cytol Histopathology Res. 2021;6(2):135–9.
- Satish D, Joy D, Ross A, Balasubramanya. Mucormycosis coinfection associated with global COVID-19: a case series from India. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021;7(5):815–20.
- Sharma S, Grover M, Bhargava S, Samdani S, Kataria T. Post coronavirus disease mucormycosis: a deadly addition to the pandemic spectrum. J Laryngol Otol. 2021;135(5):442–7.
- Suganya R, Malathi N, Karthikeyan V, Janagaraj VD, Mucormycosis: A Brief Review. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2019;13(1):161–5.
- Gujarat emerges as a hotspot for mucormycosis. 2021. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/gujarat- emerges-as-a-hotspot-for-mucormycosis/article34623818.ece
- Honavar SG. Code Mucor: Guidelines for the Diagnosis, Staging and Management of Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis in the Setting of COVID-19. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021;69(6):1361–5.
- DeShazo RD. Fungal sinusitis. Am J Med Sci 1998;316(1):39–44
- Werthman-Ehrenreich A. Mucormycosis with orbital compartment syndrome in a patient with COVID-19. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;42:264.e5–e8
- Singh AK, Gupta R, Ghosh A, Misra A. Diabetes in COVID-19: Prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis and practical considerations. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(4):303–10
- Song G, Liang G, Liu W. Fungal co-infections associated with global COVID-19 pandemic: a clinical and diagnostic perspective from China. Mycopathologia. 2020;185(4):599–606.
- Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Liu H, Wu Y et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(5):475–81.
- Talmi YP, Goldschmied-Reouven A, Bakon M, Barshack I, Wolf M, Horowitz Z, et al. Rhino-Orbital and Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2002;127(1):22–31.
- Rawson TM, Moore LS, Zhu N, Ranganathan N, Skolimowska K, Gilchrist M et al. Bacterial and fungal coinfection in individuals with coronavirus: a rapid review to support COVID-19 antimicrobial prescribing. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(9):2459–68.
- Kumar J, Daga R, Pradhan G, Meher R. Sinonasal Inflammation or Neoplasm: Raise the Red Flagsǃ—A Pictorial Review. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2023;33(4):522–31.
- He Z, Tang X, Yang X, Guo Y, George TJ, Charness N. Clinical Trial Generalizability Assessment in the Big Data Era: A Review. Clin Transl Sci. 2020;13(4):675–84.